English is the official language of the journal. All manuscripts submitted for publication, as well as all published content, must be written in English.
Authors whose first language is not English are encouraged to ensure that their manuscripts are carefully reviewed for linguistic clarity and academic style before submission. The use of professional language editing services or digital tools, including grammar-checking and language-enhancement software, is permitted for the sole purpose of improving linguistic quality.
Artificial intelligence–based or generative tools may be used during manuscript preparation for limited language editing, grammar correction, and stylistic refinement, provided that such use does not replace the authors’ scientific reasoning, interpretation, or intellectual contribution.
This limitation concerns the use of AI for manuscript preparation and does not prohibit the legitimate use of artificial intelligence, machine-learning systems, or related computational methods as part of the research methodology. Where AI-based methods are used in the research itself, their use must be scientifically justified, transparently described in the appropriate methodological section of the manuscript, and compliant with the journal’s AI and Generative Tools Policy.
Authors remain fully responsible for the originality, accuracy, integrity, and scientific content of their manuscripts.
Material use of artificial intelligence–based or generative tools in manuscript preparation must be disclosed in accordance with the journal’s AI and Generative Tools Policy.
Failure by the authors to disclose the use of such tools constitutes a breach of accepted standards of research integrity, publication ethics, and transparency, and may result in appropriate editorial action in accordance with the journal’s ethical policies.
Manuscripts may be subject to linguistic and editorial assessment as part of the evaluation process. The editorial office reserves the right to request language revisions where necessary to ensure clarity, precision, and academic readability.